A compressor is actually an unit that essentially has the ability to boost the pressure on air (a gas) in a cylinder by making use of pressure to the air and and thus minimizing its volume. Quite simply, air is pumped into a cylinder on an ongoing basis, thus increasing pressure on the air and therefore decreasing the volume of the air. Such compressed air is then released to offer energy in driving equipment and other purposes.
There are actually essentially 3 main varieties of compressor examples, i.e.: Open, Hermetically sealed (a tight and perfect closure) and Semi-hermitically sealed.
Every type of compressor has its use area and the variances lie fundamentally in the construction of these units.
An open compressor is a machine where the motor that drives the compressor is positioned outside of the sealed compressor tank and it will depend on lubrication to be put on its seals in order to conserve a non leaking environment. As long as the device is in operation the lube process is taken care of and no leaks come about. Seals are often made of leather or rubber. If the compressor is not in use these seals can become dried out and gas leakages will result. The advantage of an open system is that the components are singularly reachable for servicing and further may be driven by means of an internal combustion engine or a turbine. This means that huge compressors can be built and applied to construction sites or in mines. Smaller sized open systems can also be used in say a fridge but after some time it is bound to leak gasses.
A hermetically sealed compressor is one where the total functioning system is sealed within a single machine and no leakage can occur. The advantage of such units is that everything is sealed in a single unit and no leakages can occur and the motor is cooled down by the surrounding gasses being compressed. The disadvantage of such units is if they go defective, the entire unit needs to be replaced. These units are preferred in the use of delivering pressurised systems in refrigerators and freezers in a small form.
A semi-hermetic product is one where the motor and the compressor is housed in a single shell or envelope, but uses seals to enclose the machine. Should either the motor or the compressor fall short they could be substituted and the restored unit can be closed again. So the main advantage of a hermetically sealed or a semi- hermetically sealed compressor lies in the fact that they can't leak. Even left abandoned for a time frame, they will function flawlessly well on being started up again. An open system, however, must be operated often to retain its gasses. Application of open systems like in the case of car air conditioning will demand the replacement of gasses from time to time. The effective use of compressors is very extensive and varies from massive open systems used on construction sites to tiny hermetically sealed units, which are usually desk top units, used by artists in air brush applications.
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