A forge is a procedure wherein it makes use of different bituminous materials as fuels like industrial coke, coals, or charcoal. These are types of fuels used to heat metals. The designs have varied over time but it still uses the same fuel and the general designs remained the same. Generally speaking, a forge is a fireplace where fire can be controlled especially when metals are already introduced for the purpose of making them reach their malleable state. This is also a way wherein metallurgical effects occur like hardening, annealing, and drawing tampers. Essentially, this type of forging controls fire in three different manners: amount of air, shape of the fire or fuel, and volume of the fuel.
Forging has been performed for thousands of years now and these devices have evolved in one particular form to another. The following are some of the essential features:
Tuyere - a pipe where air can be pushed into the fire
Bellows or Blower - a way of pushing air into the tuyere
Hearth or firepot - a specific place where the burning fuel can be accommodated against the tuyere opening
To start a forging operation, fuel is placed in or on the firepot and then ignited. A moving air goes to the hearth from the bellows and fans; this air introduces more air to the fire through the tuyere. By means of adding more air, the fire is then forced to use more fuel. When more fire is created, basically the result is a higher temperature which is the basically the common thing needed in a forging process. The blacksmith will then balance the fire to suit every particular work that he needs to employ. This primarily involves adjustment of the fire's shape.
Basically, coal forge uses a firepot that is positioned in the middle of the flat hearth. Eventually, the tuyere will go to the bottom of the firepot and the center of the fair will be surrounded buy a hot but unburnt coke. Surrounding the coke is a layer of coal that is then made into coke through the heat f the fire. encircling ;all of these things is a ring or a horseshoe shape raw coal layer which is usually kept damp and is maintained in a tight pack top maintain the shape of the fire's heart. This will also keep the coal from burning directly so that it will be cooked into coke first.
As of these days, there are many individual smiths and specialized applications have had fostered development of a variety of forges of this particular type; from the coal forge mentioned above, to simpler constructions that amounts a hole in the ground with a particular pipe leading into it.
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